Pesquisa de cáncer de piel tipo melanoma y características clínicas- dermatoscópicas

Sandra Jaramillo; Guslin Ruiz; Vicmary Pérez; María Da Silva; Krysel Pacheco; Hilaria Rodríguez; Valeria Santana; Julia Mariño; Cristina Cajone; María Gutiérrez; Patricia Zambrano; Rigel Esaa

doi:10.37910/RDP.2025.14.3.e437

Authors

Sandra Jaramillo Director Médico del Centro Clínico Dermatológico SP https://orcid.org/0009-0002-8383-8302
Guslin Ruiz Departamento de Dermatología del Hospital Militar Universitario "Dr. Carlos Arvelo" https://orcid.org/0009-0001-1625-0288
Vicmary Pérez Dermatología y Sifilografía del Hospital Militar Universitario "Dr. Carlos Arvelo" https://orcid.org/0009-0003-3810-3611
María Da Silva Inmunología Clínica y Alergología del Hospital Militar Universitario "Dr. Carlos Arvelo" https://orcid.org/0009-0001-3275-4910
Krysel Pacheco Centro Clínico Dermatológico SP https://orcid.org/0009-0007-0230-7769
Hilaria Rodríguez Centro Clínico Dermatológico SP https://orcid.org/0009-0002-8791-5213
Valeria Santana Centro Clínico Dermatológico SP https://orcid.org/0009-0001-7890-7484
Julia Mariño Centro Clínico Dermatológico SP https://orcid.org/0009-0007-3219-6641
Cristina Cajone Centro Clínico Dermatológico SP https://orcid.org/0009-0002-8922-2314
María Gutiérrez Hospital Militar Universitario "Dr. Carlos Arvelo" https://orcid.org/0009-0004-8741-1837
Patricia Zambrano Centro Clínico Dermatológico SP. https://orcid.org/0009-0002-6420-6254
Rigel Esaa Clínico Dermatológico SP https://orcid.org/0009-0008-7188-1761

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.37910/RDP.2025.14.3.e437

Keywords:

Melanoma, Dermatoscopy, Photoprotection, Screening, Epidemiology

Abstract

Cutaneous melanoma is one of the most aggressive neoplasms due to its high metastatic potential and associated mortality; therefore, early diagnosis is essential to improve prognosis. Although its incidence is lower than that of other skin cancers, the lack of awareness about risk factors and unprotected sun exposure remain frequent issues. Objective: To determine the presence of melanoma-type skin cancer through clinical and dermatoscopic screening. Methods: A descriptive, retrospective, and cross-sectional study was conducted among 378 volunteers who participated in screening campaigns organized by the SP Clinical Dermatology Center between 2023 and 2025. Demographic data, medical history, photoprotection habits, and clinical characteristics of lesions were collected and assessed both clinically and dermatoscopically. Results were analyzed using STATA 17. Results: Female participation predominated (75.4 %), with a high proportion of phototypes III and IV. Although 56.6 % knew what melanoma was, most did not use sunscreen and reported unprotected sun exposure during childhood. Six (1.6 %) presumptive melanoma cases and one (0.3 %) melanonychia case were identified. Conclusion: The screening enabled the detection of risk factors and early cases, highlighting the importance of strengthening health education and preventive strategies.

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